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      城市化对区域水文要素的影响研究——以郑州市为例

      Study on impact of urbanization on regional hydrological elements: a case study of Zhengzhou City

      • 摘要: 近年来随着城市化进程加快,地表硬化对区域水文要素演变造成一定的影响。以郑州市为研究区域,采用遥感影像结合实测资料,运用数理统计与相关性分析等方法,分析2000~2020年郑州市土地利用、降水与气温的变化规律,以及土地利用与两者的相关关系。结果表明:① 2000~2020年郑州市的土地利用类型以耕地和建设用地为主,土地利用动态度的排序为建设用地>水域>草地>林地>耕地,建设用地年均增加量为59.59 km2,土地利用程度综合指数呈上升趋势。②郑州市城区及郊区的年最大日降水量、年降水量和年最大3 d降水量均呈下降趋势,城郊区域差值皆大于零且为上升趋势,城区较郊区更易发生暴雨及以上量级降水。③郑州市年最高、最低气温呈上升趋势;城区的日平均最高、最低气温均高于郊区;7月和1月的平均气温呈上升趋势,城区较郊区增速更快。④ 2000~2020年郑州市降水与土地利用程度均呈负相关,气温与土地利用程度均呈正相关。

         

        Abstract: In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, the hardening of the surface had a certain impact on the evolution of regional hydrological elements.Taking Zhengzhou City as the study area, this research combined remote sensing imagery with field measurement data and employed methods such as mathematical statistics and correlation analysis to examine the patterns of land use, precipitation and temperature in Zhengzhou City from 2000 to 2020, as well as the correlations between land use and these two variables.The results indicated that: from 2000 to 2020, Zhengzhou′s land use was dominated by cropland and construction land.In terms of land use dynamics, the order was construction land > water bodies > grassland > forest land > cropland.The average annual increase in construction land was 59.59 km2, and the comprehensive land use intensity index showed an upward trend.Three precipitation indicators, annual maximum daily precipitation, annual precipitation, and annual maximum three-day precipitation all showed a downward trend in both urban and suburban areas.The differences between urban and suburban areas were all positive and showed an upward trend, with urban areas being more prone to heavy rain and higher-intensity precipitation events than suburban areas. Both annual maximum and minimum temperatures showed an upward trend.The daily average maximum and minimum temperatures in the urban area were both higher than those in the suburban area.The average temperatures in July and January were both on an upward trend, with the urban area showing a faster rate of increase than the suburban area.From 2000 to 2020, precipitation in Zhengzhou City was negatively correlated with land use intensity, while temperature was positively correlated with land use intensity.

         

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