Abstract: In order to comprehensively analyze the influencing factors of emergency capability in hydroelectric engineering accidents and compensate for the bias and shortcomings of subjective judgment alone, an indicator system for the influencing factors of emergency capability in hydroelectric engineering accidents was constructed. The subjective weights were obtained by using decision alternative ratia evaluation method, overcoming the drawbacks of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, which requires complex calculations, large computational complexity, and poor engineering implementation to meet the consistency of judgment matrix. Considering the situation where the indicator information is incomplete due to the suddenness of accidents in practical engineering, a quadratic programming model was used to solve the objective weights. The above results were comprehensively calculated by game theory combination weighting to obtain the importance weight values of the influencing factors of emergency capability in hydroelectric engineering accidents, and then the hydroelectric engineering accident cases were analyzed in combination. The results indicate that the five most important influencing factors of emergency capability in hydroelectric engineering accidents are daily safety publicity and management, professional training and drills for emergency capabilities, safety monitoring and early warning, emergency personnel support, and material and equipment support, which are the key areas that industry personnel and relevant departments need to focus on in the future safety production process.