Abstract: Drawing on the Hubei Water Resources Bulletin from 2010 to 2024 as the core data source, this study employs descriptive statistics, linear trend analysis, and spatial autocorrelation methods to preliminarily reveal the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and evolution trends of water resource utilization efficiency in Hubei Province. The research indicates that although Hubei is well-endowed with water resources, their distribution exhibits significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity and instability due to the dual influences of topography and monsoon climate. A persistent pattern of “drier north and wetter south” has emerged, with substantial interannual fluctuations, agricultural water use efficiency has improved but still lags behind advanced levels, and ongoing pressure from water pollution loads. To address these multifaceted challenges, this paper proposes a synergistic strategy centered on “optimal allocation, efficiency enhancement, ecological protection, and digital empowerment.” Measures such as promoting industrial water-saving technological upgrades, implementing coordinated control of pollution sources, and piloting digital twin watershed initiatives are recommended to advance efficient and sustainable water resource utilization, offering scientific support for refined water resource management in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River region.